History of Science Fiction

What Was the First Sci-Fi?

When Did Sci-Fi Really Begin?

Science fiction, or sci-fi, is a genre that takes us on imaginative journeys through the future, advancements in technology, and even the vast expanse of space and other dimensions, all based on scientific and technical elements. But when did this captivating genre actually begin?
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The Fall of Icarus, Jacob Peter Gowy, 1635-1637 | ⓒPrado Museum
Even in ancient Greece, stories like 'Icarus and Daedalus' showcase a form of scientific imagination. However, not all stories featuring scientific elements are recognized as sci-fi.

What Was the First Sci-Fi Work?

However, many scholars recognize Mary Shelley's 1818 work "Frankenstein" as the first true Sci-Fi novel. It explores the theme of creating life through scientific experiments, examining the impact of human knowledge and technology on nature.
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Title page of first edition of Frankenstein, Volume I, 1818 | ⓒMary Shelly
Additionally, Georges Méliès' 1902 film "A Trip to the Moon" is considered a pioneering work in the film genre of Sci-Fi, noted for its special effects and scientific imagination.

How Has the Sci-Fi Genre Evolved?

In the early 20th century, as technology advanced, Sci-Fi evolved into more diverse and complex forms. Isaac Asimov's "Foundation" series and Arthur C. Clarke's "2001: A Space Odyssey" provided profound insights into science and the human condition, expanding the horizons of the genre.
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2001: A Space Odyssey, Stanley Kubrick, 1968 | ⓒStanley Kubrick Productions
These authors redefined the standards of Sci-Fi with their scientific accuracy and compelling storytelling.

What Is the Future Outlook for Sci-Fi?

Modern Sci-Fi has expanded into various media, achieving great success in television series and movies. The "Star Trek" and "Star Wars" series have become cultural icons, significantly contributing to the popularization of the Sci-Fi genre. These works are highly regarded for their complex characters, detailed world-building, and the moral and philosophical questions they raise.
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Her, Spike Jonze, 2013 | ⓒAnnapurna Pictures
The rapid advancement of science and technology continues to provide endless inspiration for Sci-Fi writers. Moreover, the genre is increasingly integrating other cultural and social issues, creating richer and more diverse narratives. For example, series like "Black Mirror" explore the impact of modern technologies on human society, exploring new possibilities for Sci-Fi.